Std put money in C++
Introduction
A valuable function for formatting monetary values in C++ Standard Library is std::put_money. C++ has an extensive array of features. They are for managing monetary values. This function, which is a component of the <iomanip> header, formats monetary values in accordance with the currency format specified by the locale. In this article, we will examine the nature of std::put_money with its operation and practical applications in C++.
What is std::put_money?
The C++ Standard Library has a manipulator function called std::put_money that allows us to format monetary values using the currency format of the locale. It is a component of the header, which offers tools for handling formatted input and output. A monetary value and an optional flag designating whether to display the currency symbol are input into the std::put_money function. After that, it emits the value to the stream after formatting it in accordance with the locale's currency format.
Syntax:
The syntax for std::put_money is as follows:
#include <iomanip>
std::ostream& put_money(std::ostream& os, bool intl=false);
Parameters:
- os: Output stream that will receive the formatted monetary value.
- intl: A boolean flag that can be selected. It indicates whether or not to show the currency symbol. It is set to false.
How does std::put_money Works?
When the monetary value is entered in std::put_money formats, it is used in the currency format specified by the locale. It takes advantage of locale settings. The currency sign is also displayed if the intl option is set to true.
The formatting is done internally by std::put_money using the std::money_put facet of the locale. This aspect is responsible for translating monetary values into strings in accordance with the area's regulations.
Example:
Let's illustrate the usage of std::put_money with an example:
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <locale>
int main() {
long double amnt = 9876.96;
std::cout << "With currency symbol: " << std::put_money(amnt * 100, true) << std::endl;
std::cout << "Without currency symbol: " << std::put_money(amnt * 100) << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Output:
With currency symbol: 987696
Without currency symbol: 987696
Explanation:
In this example, the long double variable amount has a value of 9876.96. We use std::put_money to send the monetary value to the standard output stream std::cout. The currency sign will be displayed since the initial call to std::put_money specifies true for the intl flag. Since the second call uses false as the default value, the currency symbol won't be shown.
Although std::put_money offers a useful approach to formatting monetary values according to the currency format of the locale, there are more factors to consider and customization possibilities to investigate.
1.Determining Accuracy
std::put_money utilizes the highest precision possible for the specified type by default. However, by converting the monetary value to the correct type, we may explicitly determine Accuracy. As an illustration,
long double amount = 1234.56789;
std::cout << std::put_money(static_cast<long double>(amount), true) << std::endl;
2. Formatting Options
Set the std::ios_base flags on the output stream to change the formatting choices for std::put_money.
For instance, Even if the intl option is set to false, we may still include the currency symbol by setting the std::ios_base: showbase flag.
std::cout << std::showbase << std::put_money(amount, false) << std::endl;
3. Handling Locale-specific Formats
There may be regional variations in the norms used to represent monetary figures. It includes grouping separator usage. It also includes where the currency sign should be placed. We may make sure that formatting is uniform between locales by giving std::put_money locale directly.
std::cout.imbue(std::locale("en_US")); // Set locale to US English
std::cout << std::put_money(amount, true) << std::endl; // Display in US English format
4. Error Handling
Managing such failures is crucial while utilizing std::put_money. Std::put_money may fail and set the stream's failbit. It occurs if the monetary value cannot be structured in accordance with the locale's currency format. Use the std::ios_base::fail() function for error handling. It can be applied to the output stream to detect faults.
if (std::cout.fail()) {
std::cerr << "Error formatting monetary value." << std::endl;
}
Conclusion:
In conclusion, we have looked at the C++ function std::put_money. Formatting monetary values in accordance with a locale's currency format is helpful. We have investigated the syntax, examined operations, and provided examples of its application. By employing the suitable currency format for a variety of locales and becoming proficient with std::put_money, we may effectively format monetary values and improve our C++ applications.