Operating System Tutorial

Operating System Tutorial Types of Operating System Evolution of Operating System Functions of Operating System Operating System Properties Operating System Services Components of Operating System Needs of the Operating System

Operating Systems

Linux Operating System Unix Operating System Ubuntu Operating System Chrome Operating Systems Fedora Operating System MAC Operating System MS Windows Operating System Solaris Operating System Cooperative Operating System CorelDRAW Operating System CentOS FreeBSD Operating Systems Batch Operating System MS-DOS Operating System Commercial Mobile Operating Systems

Differences

Difference Between Multi-programming and Multitasking Difference between C-LOOK and C-SCAN Difference between Rotational Latency and Disk Assess Time Trap vs Interrupt Difference between C-SCAN and SSTF Difference between SCAN and FCFS Difference between Seek Time and Disk Access Time Difference between SSTF and LOOK Difference between Process and Program in the Operating System Difference between Protection and Security in Operating System

How To

How to implement Monitors using Semaphores How to Install a Different Operating System on a PC

Questions

What is Kernel and Types of Kernel What is DOS Operating System What is Thread and Types of Thread What is Process Scheduler and Process Queue What is Context Switching What is CPU Scheduling What is Producer-Consumer Problem What is Semaphore in Operating System Monitors in Operating System What is Deadlock What is Paging and Segmentation What is Demand Paging What is Virtual Memory What is a Long term Scheduler What is Page Replacement in Operating System What is BSR Mode What is Convoy Effect What is Job Sequencing in Operating System Why is it critical for the Scheduler to distinguish between I/O-bound and CPU-bound programs Why is there a Need for an Operating System

Misc

Process Management Process State Scheduling Algorithm FCFS (First-come-First-Serve) Scheduling SJF (Shortest Job First) Scheduling Round-Robin CPU Scheduling Priority Based Scheduling HRRN (Highest Response Ratio Next) Scheduling Process Synchronization Lock Variable Mechanism TSL Mechanism Turn Variable Mechanism Interested Variable Mechanism Deadlock Avoidance Strategies for Handling Deadlock Deadlock Prevention Deadlock Detection and Recovery Resource Allocation Graph Banker’s Algorithm in Operating System Fixed Partitioning and Dynamic Partitioning Partitioning Algorithms Disk Scheduling Algorithms FCFS and SSTF Disk Scheduling Algorithm SCAN and C-SCAN Disk Scheduling Algorithm Look and C-Look Disk Scheduling Algorithm File in Operating System File Access Methods in Operating System File Allocation Method Directory Structure in Operating System N-Step-SCAN Disk Scheduling Feedback Queue in Operating System Contiguous Memory Allocation in Operating System Real-time Operating System Starvation in Operating System Thrashing in Operating System 5 Goals of Operating System Advantages of Operating System Advantages of UNIX Operating System Bit Vector in Operating System Booting Process in Operating System Can a Computer Run Without the Operating System Dining Philosophers Problem in Operating System Free Space Management in Operating System Inter Process Communication in Operating System Swapping in Operating System Memory Management in Operating System Multiprogramming Operating System Multitasking Operating Systems Multi-user Operating Systems Non-Contiguous Memory Allocation in Operating System Page Table in Operating System Process Scheduling in Operating System Segmentation in Operating System Simple Structure in Operating System Single-User Operating System Two Phase Locking Protocol Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating System Arithmetic operations in binary number system Assemblers in the operating system Bakery Algorithm in Operating System Benefits of Ubuntu Operating System CPU Scheduling Criteria in Operating System Critical Section in Operating System Device Management in Operating System Linux Scheduler in Operating System Long Term Scheduler in Operating System Mutex in Operating System Operating System Failure Peterson\'s Solution in Operating System Privileged and Non-Privileged Instructions in Operating System Swapping in Operating System Types of Operating System Zombie and Orphan Process in Operating System 62-bit operating system Advantages and Disadvantages of Batch Operating System Boot Block and Bad Block in Operating System Contiguous and Non - Contiguous Memory Allocation in Operating System Control and Distribution Systems in Operations Management Control Program in Operating System Convergent Technologies in Operating System Convoy Effect in Operating System Copy Operating Systems to SSD Core Components of Operating System Core of UNIX Operating System Correct Value to return to the Operating System Corrupted Operating System Cos is Smart Card Operating System Cosmos Operating Systems Examples Generation of Operating System Hardware Solution in Operating System Process Control Block in Operating System Function of Kernel in Operating System Operating System Layers History of Debian Operating Systems Branches and Architecture of Debian Operating Systems Features and Packages of Debian Operating Systems Installation of Operating System on a New PC Organizational Structure and Development in Debian Operating Systems User Interface in Operating System Types Of Memory in OS Operating System in Nokia Multilevel Paging in OS Memory Mapping Techniques in OS Memory Layout of a Process in Operating System Hardware Protection in Operating System Functions of File Management in Operating System Core of Linux Operating System Cache Replacement Policy in Operating System Cache Line and Cache Size in Operating System Kernel I/O Subsystem Security Management in Operating System Bare Machine in Operating System Mutual Exclusion in Operating system Cycle Stealing in the Operating System Cost and Support for the User Operating System Assembly operating system Course Objectives and Outcomes of Operating System Cost of Windows 7 Operating System Cost of UNIX Operating System Cots Operating System Cost of Windows 10 Operating System Artificial Intelligence Operating System Download Artificial intelligence assistant operating system AROS Research Operating System Deadlock Detection in Distributed Systems Process Management in Operating System (OS) Robotics Operating System SSD Caching Tails Operating System Computer Assisted Coding System (CACS) Disk Operating System File Management in Operating System What is the Importance of Operating Systems? Kernel Data Structure Operating System Security All Dos Commands with Explanation Lineage OS Symbian OS Bharat OS ChromeOS Flex Clustered operating system Concurrency in Operating System Monolithic structure in the operating system Oxygen Operating System System calls in the operating system (OS) System program in OS Application Programs in OS Shared Devices in Operating Systems Address Binding in the Operating System Disk Controller in the Operating System Dual-mode Operations in the Operating System Multilevel Queue Scheduling in Operating System Pixel OS POP!_OS Spooling in the Operating System Dead Operating System Difference Between Dual Core and Octa Core Processors Kolibri OS Mageia Operating System Operating System Hardening Blade Server in Operating System Classification of Operating System CNK Operating System Difference between FAT32, exFAT, and NTFS File Systems DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PRIORITY INVERSION AND PRIORITY INHERITANCE DUAL MODE OPERATIONS IN OS File Models in Distributed Operating System MICROKERNEL Monolithic Kernel and key differences from Microkernel Multi-Process Operating System Objectives of the Operating System Parallel System in Operating System What is an OLE Object?

Latest Version of the Macintosh Operating System

Introduction

Apple has been developing and marketing the Macintosh operating system, now referred to as macOS, since 2001. It is the main operating system for Mac computers made by Apple. Notably, macOS invented mouse navigation and graphical user interfaces, which have an impact on modern operating systems.

History of Macintosh OS

Apple products such as iMacs and MacBooks run a desktop operating system known as macOS. This operating system was released in 2001 and given the moniker MacOS X. The history of MacOS is as follows.

  • MacOS has been well-known for years for its simplicity, security, various accessibility options, innovative technologies, and other features. This operating system has been utilized in a variety of Apple devices to ensure that all users can easily use and navigate.
  • OS X, or macOS, has become a trademark for both Apple and Mac devices. After a few days, the Apple operating system (iOS) was released. So, OS X has evolved from 2001 to current versions in 2020, such as macOS, with many versions released.

Mac OS - Macintosh Operating System

The operating system (OS) that powers Apple's Mac computers is known simply as macOS. It enables users to efficiently manage files, run applications, and communicate with their computers.

The easy interface of macOS is a distinctive feature that makes it suitable for users of all skill levels. Its excellent integration with Apple hardware results in a unified and seamless user experience (UX) across the Apple ecosystem.

MacOS first introduced important technologies like mouse navigation and graphical user interfaces (GUIs), which are now common in contemporary operating systems. It has set the bar high for performance and usability and affected the design and development of other operating systems.

It is also rumored that macOS devices are immune to viruses, although this is false. It is still suggested that you use reliable anti-virus software.

Macintosh Operating System Versions

Apple has produced multiple operating system versions over the years, each with additional features and enhancements. We'll examine in-depth a few significant macOS releases and their standout attributes in this part.

1. MacOS Monterey: October 2021 saw the introduction of the most recent version of Monterey. It includes new security and privacy features, a redesigned interface, and updates to popular apps like Photos, FaceTime, and Safari. Additionally, a new Focus mode is introduced, enabling users to manage distractions and maintain productivity.

    2. macOS Catalina: The operating system underwent a major transition with the release of macOS Catalina in October 2019. It was the first version to no longer support 32-bit applications. Along with these new features, this release also brought in Sidecar, which lets you use an iPad as a second display for your Mac, and Project Catalyst, which facilitates the porting of iPad apps to the Mac for developers.

    3. macOS Mojave: This operating system, which was released in September 2018, gained notoriety for the introduction of a dark mode. This feature makes the operating system appear darker and easier on the eyes to use at night. New privacy improvements were also added in this edition, including improved tracking prevention and tighter user data protection.

    3. macOS High Sierra: macOS High Sierra was released in September 2017. It brought with it a number of improvements to the operating system's core technologies, such as improvements to the file system and graphics technology. Along with additional features including quicker and more efficient Safari, this update also included new editing capabilities to the Photos app.

    4. macOS Sierra: The MacOS operating system saw a number of enhancements and new capabilities with the introduction of Sierra in September 2016. Along with a number of other productivity enhancements, it brought Siri to the Mac and enabled users to copy and paste data across Macs and iOS devices using the Universal Clipboard. Sierra also added organization features and editing capabilities to the Photos app.

    Benefits of Mac OS

    The following are some of Mac OS's benefits.

    • The user interface has been simplified without sacrificing any of its features.
    • Hardware and operating system integration is constant.
    • Fewer viruses and security problems
    • Other Apple products, such as iOS smartphones, can be integrated.
    • The ability to multitask
    • bundled with a number of free productivity tools
    • Customer service is excellent.
    • Every device uses the same graphical user interface.
    • Long life
    • Excellent work
    • Apps by default
    • Support both NTFS and FAT
    • able to use Windows

    Drawbacks of Mac OS

    The following are some of Mac OS's drawbacks.

    • It costs a lot.
    • Less applications and games are supported.
    • Hardware cannot be customized.
    • Windows cannot read the macOS file system.
    • Use of less hardware
    • Mac-based goods come at a high cost.
    • There are a few options.
    • Upgrading hardware offers flexibility