CSS Multiple Classes
Introduction
Users define the appearance of an element on a web page using the Cascading Style Sheet (CSS). They can apply different properties to these components.
If a user applies more than one class to a single HTML element, they can avoid duplicating code in HTML and CSS. One or more classes can be styled and defined using various CSS elements, and users can apply several classes to a single element. Therefore, users must use the space-separated syntax to use numerous CSS classes.
What are classes in CSS?
The CSS classes must be used by users to create HTML elements. In a nutshell, classes are nothing more than characteristics that specify HTML elements so that users can use CSS to style and format them.
How to use Multiple Classes in CSS?
Class Declaration
The qualities, encompassing font size, color, and additional features, are applicable to any content. To gain access or apply the class's impacts from within the same file or an external file, write the class name in the exact tag where you wish to apply the effects. Consequently, the HTML body code is brief and easy to read.
<style>
.classA {
Property: value;
}
<style>
<p class = "classA"> Welcome to our website. </p>
The class name must be written inside the paragraph tag in order to use this class's features and construct a paragraph.
Concept of CSS Multiple Classes
When we use the CSS class in the HTML code, we run into some problems. This question is one of them. The declaration process for many classes is the same as that of the "sample class," which we have already declared. Applying the effects to multiple classes at once is the purpose of employing multiple classes. Use the names of every desired class inside the tag, just like we did for a single class, to do this. Describe a sample that fits each of the classes:
.class1 {
//effect;
}
.class2 {
//effect;
}
.class3 {
//effect;
}
Using this approach, we can declare an unlimited number of classes. However, the program is limited to using the class name that is supplied inside the tag. If you would like to apply the effect found in classes 1 and 3, use the names of the two classes.
Implementation of CSS Multiple Class
.A {
color: green;
font-size: 40px;
}
.B {
color: green;
font-size: 40px;
}
<div class="B">
Tutorials
</div>
<div class="A">
Examples
</div>
Two classes with different names share the same CSS property, as can be seen in the code above.
Method 1: Multiple CSS Declarations for the Same Properties by Separating them with Commas
In this approach, numerous CSS declarations for the same properties will be separated by commas.
Syntax:
.abc, .xyz {
color: green;
font-size: 40px;
}
Example 1:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.abc,
.xyz {
color: green;
font-size: 40px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<h1 class="color-fg-success">
CSS Multiple Classes </h1>
<h3> Method 1 </h3>
<div class="xyz">
Government
</div>
<div class="abc">
Teacher
</div>
</center>
</body>
</html>
Method 2: Element Name with the Class Name Joined by Dot(.)
The element name and the class name will be linked by a dot(.) in this method.
Syntax:
div. abc, div. xyz{
color: green;
font-size: 40px;
}
Example 2:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div. abc,
div. xyz {
color: green;
font-size: 40px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<h1 class="color-fg-success">
CSS Multiple Classes </h1>
<h3> Method 1 </h3>
<div class="xyz">
Government
</div>
<div class="abc">
Teacher
</div>
</center>
</body>
</html>
Browser Compatibility
When creating web pages, it is crucial to remember that the HTML, CSS, and eventually JavaScript you produce are displayed to the user as you work on them.
You have very little influence over how the content appears on the screen because everything that is presented is determined by the user's web browser, not by your HTML and CSS. It can be difficult to predict if something will turn out just as you had hoped.
When you test a page in your web browser, all you have really shown is that it works with:-
- With the size of the browser window,
- Your specific web browser (Firefox, Chrome, etc.);
- In the browser version that you are using,
- With the installed fonts, plug-ins, and so forth.
Since CSS is an essential part of building any modern website, software development must consider browser compatibility. Websites need to function smoothly across a range of OS platforms and browsers. Due to the widespread fragmentation of devices and browsers, CSS will unavoidably need to be flexible across a range of browsers in order for a website to display properly for users with different browser settings.
CSS Technique for Improved Browser Compatibility
In popular browsers (Mozilla, Chrome, Safari, Opera), setting the border-radius
The CSS3 border-radius function is its most useful feature. It allows developers to easily add rounded corners to their design components without the need for multiple div tags or corner images.
For this case, the code is quite simple:
#div1 {
border-radius: 13px;
}
However, to support Firefox, one might need to use the -moz- prefix:
#div1 {
-moz-border-radius: 13px;
border-radius: 13px;
}
The border -*- radius attributes accept two values that can be expressed as percentages or lengths. The border-radius property is a shortcut for the border-top-left, border-top-right, border-bottom-right, and border-bottom-left properties.
Syntax:
border-*-*-radius: [ | <%> ] [ | <%> ]
Example:
border-bottom-left-radius: 17px 13px;
border-bottom-right-radius: 7% 6%;
border-top-left-radius: 17px;
The code for the Firefox browser is given below:
-moz-border-radius: 12px;
-webkit-border-radius: 12px;
-khtml-border-radius: 12px;
border-radius: 12px;
Issues with Browser Compatibility
- Older versions of most browsers do not support the most modern capabilities, such as HTML5 Audio/Video, FlexBox, CSS Grids, etc.
- Previous iterations of Internet Explorer do not support a number of CSS features, such as CSS3 selectors, CSS3 colors, and CSS Namespaces.
- As CSS prefix-using features are implemented, one can solve HTML and CSS issues.
- Other common reasons for issues with cross-browser compatibility are as follows:
- Browser and operating system incompatibility
- Different ways to implement JavaScript
- Bugs in web browsers
- Problems with page alignment
Advantages of Using Multiple Classes
- Using multiple classes, various features and effects can be added to an element without giving it a new style.
- It is simple to apply several styles or effects to the texts by utilizing multiple CSS classes one after the other.
- Users may have to design HTML components that call for successively distinct styles for different classes. As a result, they can use many classes for the same element.
Disadvantages of Using Multiple Classes
- Using numerous concurrent classes on an element can have a number of drawbacks, the most prominent of which is the creation of complicated code that is difficult to manage over time.
- Often, consumers need help determining whether an HTML element is affected by scripts and which styles are not.
- As an illustration, consider the several frameworks that are currently in use, like Bootstrap, which heavily rely on HTML components with various classes.
- If users are careful, the usage of numerous classes could lead to a manageable amount of complex and bulky code that becomes easier to deal with very rapidly.
- When users use numerous CSS classes, one class's style may take precedence over another.
- The more complicated the code gets to understand why the styles are not working even when they appear to, the more challenging this scenario gets for users to manage.
- Even when users apply the characteristics to a single element, it is still preferable to be aware of specificity.
Conclusion
- Consumers need to understand the benefits and drawbacks of using numerous classes in CSS.
- Users should ensure that their code snippets are simple to avoid using several classes and to identify where to find the solution to any issues easily.
- Multiple CSS classes, however, enable users to apply various CSS properties sequentially and reuse a class that contains identical elements despite the drawbacks.
- By separating them with commas or by the element name and the class name linked by a dot(.), we can construct numerous CSS classes with the same style, employing multiple CSS declarations for the same property.
- We can apply the impacts to more than one class because multiple classes are declared in the same way as one class.
- Using CSS multiple classes can save time and effort while designing web pages, and ensuring that the website is compatible with all browsers is essential to provide the best possible user experience.